Descartes Vs. Descartes Philosophy - 1142 Words

Rene Descartes’ begins to illustrate his skeptical argument as presented in Meditation l. Descartes basic strategy to approaching this method of doubt is to defeat skepticism. This argument begins by doubting the truth of everything, from evidence of the senses to the fundamental process of reasoning. Therefore, if there is any truth in the world that overcomes the skeptical challenge then it must be indubitably true. Thus, creating a perfect foundation for knowledge. The first Meditation is an examination in learning to doubt everything that I once believed to be true. Descartes begins to doubt everything he once believed about the external world using three solid propositions sensory illusions, the dream problem and a deceiving God. Descartes skeptical argument is refuted by many philosophers, in this paper I will explain Descartes argument and compare it to G.E Moore’s response while answering if his response successfully evades Cartesian skepticism. When we come to think of things we know from our sensory experiences, Descartes notes that the senses may be mistaken. As we may know, things are not always what they seem to be at first glance, hearing, sound or touch. This is why Descartes argues we cannot trust in the truth our of sensory knowledge. Therefore, in life we adjust our perceptions of things to the correct ones constantly. Thus, anything we believe to be true from sensory knowledge is not always feasible and this is why it must be doubted. Descartes alsoShow MoreRelatedDescartes vs. Locke1175 Words   |  5 PagesPhilosophy Essay (Descartes vs. Locke) Socrates once said, â€Å"As for me, all I know is that I know nothing.† Several philosophers contradicted Socrates’ outlook and believed that true knowledge was in fact attainable. This epistemological view however had several stances to it, as philosophers held different beliefs in regards to the derivation of true knowledge. Rationalists believed that the mind was the source of true knowledge, while in Empiricism, true knowledge derived from the senses. ReneRead MoreThe Allegory Of The Cave By Plato And Rene Descartes1241 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Philosophy? Well, by conventional definition, Philosophy is the rational investigation of the truths and principles of being, knowledge, or conduct. This, while providing a contextual definition of the word philosophy, just scratches the surface of its actual meaning. In this essay we will attempt to answer â€Å"What is Philosophy?† by discussing the works of Plato and Rene Descartes. First, we begin by summar izing and comparing the theme of their works for similarities so as to better formRead MoreDescartes vs Locke Essay1191 Words   |  5 PagesPhilosophy Essay (Descartes vs. Locke) Socrates once said, â€Å"As for me, all I know is that I know nothing.† Several philosophers contradicted Socrates’ outlook and believed that true knowledge was in fact attainable. This epistemological view however had several stances to it, as philosophers held different beliefs in regards to the derivation of true knowledge. Rationalists believed that the mind was the source of true knowledge, while in Empiricism, true knowledge derived from the senses. ReneRead MoreCartesian Rationalism Vs. Locke s Empiricism Essay1632 Words   |  7 PagesTO PHILOSOPHY Introduction to Philosophy Name Institution INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY Cartesian rationalism vs. Locke’s empiricism Rene Descartes was a rationalist who believed that knowledge of the world can be gained by the exercise of pure reason, while empiricist like Locke believed that knowledge of the world came through senses. Descartes fromRead MoreEssay about Rationalism and Empiricism1486 Words   |  6 PagesRationalism and Empiricism Rationalism and Empiricism are most likely the two most famous and intriguing schools of philosophy. The two schools deal specifically with epistemology, or, the origin of knowledge. Although not completely opposite, they are often considered so, and are seen as the Jordan vs. Bird of the philosophy world. The origins of rationalism and empiricism can be traced back to the 17th century, when many important advancements were made in scientific fields such as astronomyRead MoreThe Virtues And Vices Of The Schools1162 Words   |  5 PagesEvan Arends Philosophy essay 1) School Learning What are some of the virtues and vices of the schools? Why does Descartes decide to leave school as soon as he can? What does he hope to gain by doing so? What are the results? Try to integrate some of your own thoughts about the goods and bads of school as well as any insights you might have about what it means to be human and the task of education. The task of education is split up into different kinds of education. The task of basic educationRead MoreThe Mind And Body Dualism Essay1363 Words   |  6 PagesAs Descartes says, the mind and the body are one cohesive â€Å"object† that produce the behaviors and actions of a human being, Mind Body Dualism. However, is this concept truly intended to prove that, metaphorically speaking, the mind and body are one and that it is, physiologically speaking, connected through the pineal gland? Or, does it show that Descartes is connecting a material and immaterial substance, that both contain two different ideas in the proper function of a human being? The intentionRead MoreBaron dHolbach and William James on Free Will and Determinism1192 Words   |  5 Pagesborn in New York City during the year of 1842. He was an American philosopher and psychologist, who developed the philosophy of pragmatism. He attended private schools in the United States and Europe, the Lawrence Scientif ic School at Harvard University, and the Harvard Medical School, from which he received a degree in 1869. James became an instructor in psychology and philosophy at Harvard, Columbia University, and the University of Oxford throughout his life. James died in Chocorua, New HampshireRead MoreThe Nature of the Human Mind and the Human Body1095 Words   |  4 PagesIn his book Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes talks about the nature of the human mind, and how the mind relates to the human body. With his famous declaration, I am, I exist, Descartes claims that â€Å"I† am â€Å"a thinking thing†, and therefore â€Å"I† exist (17-18). He also argues that the mind is better known than the body. In the Sixth Meditation, he further argues that there must be a clear distinction between mind and body. However, there is surely some connection between these two. In The TreatiseRead MoreCartesian Dualism vs Logical Behaviorism Essay1483 Words   |  6 Pagesfree wi ll? Are people genuinely moved by the welfare of others, or is all behavior, in reality, selfish? (Sober 203). These are questions relevant to philosophy of the mind and discussed through a variety of arguments. Two of the most important arguments with this discussion are Cartesian dualism and logical behaviorism, both of which argue the philosophy of the mind in two completely different ways. Robert Lane, a professor at the University of West Georgia, define the two as follows: Cartesian dualism

Sexual Addiction - 2325 Words

SEXUAL ADDICTION Sexual addiction is a popular model to explain hyper sexuality —sexual urges, behaviors, or thoughts that appear extreme in frequency or feel out of ones control. Hyper sexuality is typically associated with lowered sexual inhibitions. Alcohol and some drugs can affect a persons social and sexual inhibitions. There are differences of opinion among sexologists, sociologists, psychologists and other specialists as to whether the phenomenon represents an actual addiction or even a psychological/psychiatric condition at all. Components of the sexual addiction model draw an analogy between hyper sexuality and substance addiction or behavioral problems like gambling addiction, recommending 12-step and other†¦show more content†¦tolerance, as defined by either of the following: 1. a need for markedly increased amount or intensity of the behavior to achieve the desired effect 2. markedly diminished effect with continued involvement in the behavior at the same level or intensity 2. withdrawal, as manifested by either of the following: 1. characteristic psycho-physiological withdrawal syndrome of physiologically described changes and/or psychologically described changes upon discontinuation of the behavior 2. the same (or a closely related) behavior is engaged in to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms 3. the behavior is often engaged in over a longer period, in greater quantity, or at a higher intensity than was intended 4. there is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control the behavior 5. a great deal of time spent in activities necessary to prepare for the behavior, to engage in the behavior, or to recover from its effects 6. important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of the behavior 7. the behavior continues despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the behavior Schneider Schneider identified three indicators of sexualShow MoreRelatedInternet Sexual Addiction4936 Words   |  20 PagesInternet Sexual Addiction It seems that the Internet has become an ever-growing part in numerous areas of the everyday lives of people. One area that is worthy of further study involves sexual addiction and how it is related with too much use of the Internet. Some scholars allege that sociopaths are starting to emerge online and it has been dubbed as â€Å"technological addictions†. This article looks at Internet addiction with respect to excessive sexual behavior. It includes discussions of the notionRead MoreSexual Addiction Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Addition may be a common problem but it still remains a relatively understood condition characterized by strong sexual urges. In recent weeks, the issue has resurfaced. Last week, a Journalist Brian Alexander(2007), this psychological condition was once again questioned and the condition was described as such: Sexual addiction is defined as any sexually-related, compulsive behavior which interferes with normal living and causes severe stre ss on family, friends, loved ones and ones workRead MoreIs Pornography Addiction A Sexual Addiction?752 Words   |  4 PagesEtiology/Neurobiology As previously mentioned, pornography addiction is a sexual addiction. Like most addictions, there is not one single cause for the addiction. Rather, there are several factors that play into the role of addiction such as biological, psychological, socio-cultural, and spiritual factors. Individuals may have a genetic makeup or biological variables that make them more susceptible to acquiring a sexual addiction such as pornography. The ability to overcome impulsive behavior withRead MoreSexual Addiction Among Christians And Sexual Abuse1080 Words   |  5 Pagesadultery, rape, and even child molesters. A person is constantly being bombarded with sexual content. It is nearly impossible to surf the internet without coming across some kind of sexually explicit content. Sex is everywhere and it is no longer hard for anyone to get access to content that no one should be looking at. â€Å"Healing the wounds of Sexual Addiction is my attempt to examine and address the issue of sexual addict ion among Christians. We will expose these secret sins to the light of the gospel andRead MoreUnderstanding Sexual Addiction Essay1268 Words   |  6 Pagesor diseases. Sexual addiction, although not always recognized, is a severe condition which affects many. Sexual addiction should be widely acknowledged as a severe issue because of its impact on the addicts nervous system, the root of its development, and its relevance to human behavior. What is sex addiction? The term sexual addiction is used to explain the behavior of a person who has an unusually intense sex drive or an obsession with sex. Those suffering from sexual addiction can be sufferingRead MoreThe Problem Of Sexual Addiction2169 Words   |  9 Pagescomplications of assessing, diagnosing, and treating sexual addiction. An average of 22 million people suffer from sexual addiction; 45% of that statistic belongs to women. However, research in the area of sexual addiction does not cater to these numbers. Often time’s research either does not focus on gender, is concentrated only on men, lumps both genders into one, or simply ignores women all together (McKeague, 2014). While some causes of sexual addiction will be similar for both genders, emotions andRead MoreUnderstanding Sexual Addiction Essay890 Words   |  4 PagesBefore one can begin to understand the complexities of sexual addiction it must be adequately defined. The National Council on Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity has defined sexual addiction as â€Å"engaging in persistent and escalating patterns of sexual behavior acted out despite increasing negative consequences to self and others.† (Herkov) It is important to note that this means that sexual addiction isn’t just the desire to have sex more than normal but also that the addict engages in activitiesRead MoreHyper Sexual Addiction Is A Disorder Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesHyper Sexual addiction is a disorder that can be defined as a person having a habitually elevated sex drive, fantasies, and urges. Nevertheless, compared to other sexual addictions, this could be known as one of the most riskiest and dangerous a ddiction. Hyper Sexual Addiction has become more prevalent because of the infidelities amongst some celebrities and political figures. Sexual addiction has always existed, but because of technology and social media, people have become aware of it. PeopleRead MoreReaction Paper To Healing The Wounds Of Sexual Addiction1638 Words   |  7 PagesHealing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction Tiffany Carthins Liberty University Abstract Dr. Laaser (2004) provides a detailed look into sexual addiction from a Christian viewpoint in Healing Wounds of Sexual Addiction. The focus of this assignment will be to gain knowledge of what sexual addiction is, how family dynamics are affected, treatment of sexual addiction, and lastly addressing sexual addiction in the church. Exploring the different areas of how sexual addiction and how it can affectRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Healing The Wounds Of Sexual Addiction By Dr. Mark R.1667 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract This critical review will attempt to summarize the book â€Å"Healing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction† written by, Dr. Mark R. Laaser, highlighting all the central themes and giving an in-depth analysis of Dr. Laaser’s work on the subject of sexual addiction. It will give his perspective and evidence to support it from the book and other sources. In this review, you will find that Dr. Laaser has added valuable insight to the subject on a personal level. It will also show how Dr. Laaser’s faith

Diageo Case Study for Potential Change- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theDiageo Case Study for Potential Change Management. Answer: Potential Change Management and Risk Issues It is important for an organization to change management to ensure that there is an achievement of set goals. The change is due to the dynamic external environment. The external environment keeps on changing requiring the management to develop strategies that are flexible to handle the changing business operations. Diageo Company aims at improving the efficiency in production through a review of the human resource functions. The company is supposed to change to come up with leadership and staff that are highly qualified to offer diverse spirit products to the targeted consumers (Jeston Nelis, 2014). Diageo is required to continuously improve the spirit products to have a sustainable competitive edge in the alcoholic beverages industry. The consumers of alcoholic beverages have diverse needs about their drink requiring the management to implement advanced technology in production. Proper leadership in an organization makes it possible to come up with an effective team that will work toward achievement of set goals. The costs of production in Diageo require being revenue to increase the revenue acquired from the sale of alcoholic beverages products. Overall change process Managing change is essential in ensuring that there is a smooth flow of operation of the business. This is where the change is supposed to be integrated into the production of alcoholic beverages production by Diageo Company for the achievement of set market share internationally. The strategies implemented in production and HR department require being accurate to operate in different nations. Diageo has operations over 180 countries requiring developing a company policy that will provide a smooth flow of operations. The management of change process requires analysis of views from the stakeholders of the company (Cavusgil, et al., 2014). The stakeholders have an interest in the production of the requiring the management to implement change that is effective in increasing the revenue from the sale of alcoholic beverages products internationally. Change makes it possible for a company to acquire a competitive edge in the market due to the continuous change of the external business envi ronment. Diageo produces high-quality spirits to the people requiring the management to implement change to deal with the diverse needs of consumers. The overall changes in the organization require considering technology, economy, growth opportunities and consumer needs for the accomplishment of set long-term goals (Boons Ludeke-Freund, 2013). The change is supposed to be helpful to the organization in improving the profitability level. Global strategy change by Diageo is implemented in phases to ensure that there is a proper execution of strategies in different locations of operation. Lessons learned/risk Diageo global strategies are aimed at acquiring a sustainable competitive advantage in the global alcoholic beverages industry. Risk management is essential in business to improve the performance of the company in the international market. Diageo strategies aim at reducing the cost of production of spirit products through the use of technology and proper HR functions. The strategies are implemented in phases to have a stable foundation in the organization due to the difference in the external environment in operating countries (Bohari, et al., 2017). The strategies are implemented by effectively managing the external business environment for the achievement of set long-term goals of production. Diageo has integrated technology in human resource to ensure that there is a quality production of spirits for the targeted global consumers. The technology used in HR is implemented in phases to evaluate the impact of change on the performance of the company. The governance of global strategy requires considering the service offered by the organization and business engagement in the industry (Sparrow, et al., 2016). Diageo strategy focuses on the set vision, mission and company values in ensuring that there is an improved performance in the global market. Proper leadership and teamwork in an organization improve the effectiveness of an organization. Leadership and technology change in Diageo has made it possible for the organization to cut costs by 20% which improves the revenue acquired from sale of spirit brands to the targeted global market. In 2006 the Diageo acquired an increase of 6% of profits from the sale of the 12 top spirits brand produced by the company. Use of technology in production makes it possible to achieve the set long-term goals (Westerman, et al., 2014). Diageo implemented the following strategies in using technology in HR functions; PeopleSoft in February 2004, IS strategy which implemented SAP in August 2004, September 2004 impact of SAP implementation was assessed, July 2005 there was organizational change, September 2005 SAP HR was applied in operation to cut the cost of HR functions. The implementation of technology by Diageo in HR and production made it possible to reduce the cost of production while maximi zing profits. Managing change Change is a process which requires being properly managed to ensure that it has a positive effect on the performance of the business. Diageo implements changes in phases to evaluate the effects of change in production properly. The change in an organization requires providing a competitive edge in the targeted market (Wagner III Hollenbeck, 2014). Diageo implements changes to ensure that there is a continuous improvement of the 12 top spirits brands in the global market. There are three processes in managing change which is preparation, managing and reinforcing the change in the organization (Dawson Andriopoulos, 2014). Preparation is where the stakeholders are required to be identified with the need for change in the organization. Managing change is developing a time frame to implement change for to monitor the effectiveness of the change. Lastly, is reinforcing the change to ensure that there are quality services and products to the consumers for an increase in profitability for the organization. Bibliography Bohari, A., Hin, C. Fuad, N., 2017. The competitiveness of halal food industry in Malaysia: A SWOT-ICT analysis.. Journal of Society and Space, pp. 1-9. Boons, F. Ludeke-Freund, F., 2013. Business models for sustainable innovation: state-of-the-art and steps towards a research agenda.. Journal of Cleaner Production, pp. 9-19.. Cavusgil, T. et al., 2014. International business.. s.l.:Pearson Australia.. Dawson, P. Andriopoulos, C., 2014. Managing change, creativity and innovation.. s.l.:Sage.. Jeston, J. Nelis, J., 2014. Business process management.. s.l.:Routledge.. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. Chung, C., 2016. Globalizing human resource management.. s.l.:Routledge.. Wagner III, J. Hollenbeck, J., 2014. Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage.. s.l.:Routledge.. Westerman, G., Bonnet, D. McAfee, A., 2014. Leading digital: Turning technology into business transformation.. s.l.:Harvard Business Press..

Tools Techniques Pareto Charts Essay Example For Students

Tools Techniques Pareto Charts Essay Tools Techniques Praetor Charts As a decision-making tool, the Praetor chart provides facts and insights necessary for setting priorities. Vilified Praetor was an Italian economist credited with establishing what is now widely known as the Praetor Principle. It is also known as the 80/20 Rule (sigmas, 2006). When Praetor discovered the principle in 1906, he established that 80% of the land in Italy was owned by of the population. Later, Praetor discovered his principle was valid in other parts of his elite, such as gardening. For example, 80% of his garden peas were produced by of the peapod. The 80/20 Rule is not literal. The ratios may vary. Rather than an even to ratio the exact percentage may be to 18%, or to 22%. However as a Rule of thumb it is common practice to refer to an 80% to 20% ratio. On their website showing examples of the Praetor charts and the 80/20 Rule, sigmas provides several examples of common applications for the 80/20 Rule of process defects arise from 20% of the process issues. Of your sales force produces Of your company revenues. Of delays in schedule arise from 20% of the possible causes of the delays. Of customer complaints arise from 20% Of your products or services. Robbers in order to aid in decision making. However paraphrased; a Praetor chart is a simple management tool with broad business applications. Praetor charts organize and display information to show the relative importance of various problems. It is essentially a special form of a vertical bar chart that puts items in order from the highest to the lowest relative to another measu rable quantity such as frequency, cost, or time. Placing the items in descending order of frequency makes it easy to discern Robbers that are tot greatest importance or those causes that appear to account for most of the variation. We will write a custom essay on Tools Techniques Pareto Charts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Thus, a Praetor chart helps individuals or teams to focus their efforts where they can have the greatest potential impact. Praetor charts are useful in establishing priorities by showing which are the most critical problems to be tackled or causes to be addressed. Comparing Praetor charts of a given situation over time can also determine whether an implemented solution reduced the relative frequency or cost of that problem or cause. Trends can be Observed. A Praetor Chart is basically a vertical bar graph showing problems in a prioritize order, so it can be determined Which problems should be tackled first. When making decisions it is often useful to make Praetor Charts of data collected over a set time period. The first Step would be to list the problems identified for a particular problem. Data is collected for the variable elements of the units to be measured and displayed. New or existing data are grouped by consistent units of measure. The attributes to be charted are arranged so as to fall under one category only. Units of measure are labeled and displayed on the left vertical axis. The categories are labeled and displayed on the horizontal axis. Categories are plotted according to frequency, starting from the vertical axis using the highest numbers first. Categories that appear indifferently are grouped under other to avoid confusion, The Coast Guard Process Improvement Guide (2006) cautions measurement units can significantly affect a Praetor chart. The same units of measure must be used. They should be clearly marked. Also the other category, if used, should be no more than 25% of the data. When to use a Praetor Chart Praetor charts are typically used to prioritize competing or conflicting problems, so that resources are allocated to the most significant areas. .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 , .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 .postImageUrl , .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 , .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609:hover , .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609:visited , .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609:active { border:0!important; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609:active , .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609 .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucdf564660424751250955f15e2e13609:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Kilauea Hawaii EssayThey can be used to determine which of several classifications have the most value or cost associated with them. An example would be the number Of people using the various outdoor Tams versus each of the indoor teller locations. Another example would be the number Of times an employee or group Of employees were tardy and/or absent. The important limitations are that the data must be in arms Of either counts or costs. The data can not be in terms that cant be added, such as percent yields or error rates. Count data is also referred to as attribute data. Typically, a person will count the number of times a condition is observed in a given sample from the process. It is different from measurement data in its resolution. Attribute data has less resolution, since there would be a count only if something occurs rather than measuring the event being observed. For example, attributes data for absenteeism might include the number of times an employee was late for work. Whereas variables data for the same process might be the measurement of the number of minutes the employee reported late for work. Consequently, attributes data generally provides less information than measurement (variables) data would for the same process, Therefore, for attributes data, it would generally not be able to predict if the process is trending towards an undesirable state, since it is already in this condition, Praetor analysis is one way to determine the major causes of particular problems. While it has mostly been used by quality assurance people and others n the quality movement, Praetor analysis is also useful for organizational development. Typically, Praetor analysis is used both to begin problem solving and to identify root causes of problems. The root cause being the basic underlying issue causing the problem. This is opposed to the apparent issue which may in itself, be caused by something else. To clarify by example, replacing a defective voltage regulator Which is allowing batteries to be damaged, rather than simply replacing the batteries. Praetor charts are useful because most problems tend to come from one or NON processes or components, rather Han from a large number of causes. As described earlier, a Praetor chart is simply a histogram, where the horizontal axis shows categories (process or material problems); the vertical Y axis shows the number or proportion of incidents. The vertical axis shows the cumulative percentage of incidents. Each bar in the graph shows the proportion of errors caused by each issue or process. The hard part of constructing Praetor charts is generally collecting the information to be used in the chart. Categories of information must be established, along with their incidence. They generally are set up in descending order, so that the most common issue or process shows up first. The categories should be specific enough to be actionable. If no clear cause appears, one can change the categories to see if new conclusions are possible. To review, Praetor charts are a decision making tool used to identify elements of a problem. The first step is to identify the group of items that are to be charted and sorted, Then create a few major groupings, Identify the unit of measurement. All items on the chart must be measurable by this unit, i. E. Number of days absent. Determine the time frame or period of measurement. Measure the items accurately. Sort the items into size order with the largest measure positions closest to the vertical axis. A large number Of smaller units can be lumped into a special category named other to avoid complexity. Plot the vertical bars With the largest bar on the left side. Then interpret the results and make a decision based on the results. Should there be no clear highest bar another Praetor chart can be created using a different set of measurements or items. Common sense should be utilized when interpreting Praetor charts because sororities the highest bars are tot always the best action items.